Methotrexate is used to treat certain types of cancer or to control severe psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis that has not responded to other treatments. It may also be used to control juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Methylcobalamin is a cobalamin, a form of vitamin B. It differs from cyanocobalamin in that the cyano group at the cobalt is replaced with a methyl group. Methylcobalamin features an octahedral cobalt(III) centre and can be obtained as bright red crystals.
Metronidazole, marketed under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. It is used either a loneor with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. It is effective for dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amebiasis.
Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic found in manytopical medications such as creams, ointments, and eyedrops. Neomycin belongsto aminoglycoside class of antibiotics that contain two or more amino sugarsconnected by glycosidic bonds. The discovery of neomycin dates back to 1949.
Nimesulide is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with pain medication and fever reducing properties. Its approved indications are the treatment of acute pain, the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis, and primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescents and adults above 12 years old. Side effects may include liver problems.
Norfloxacin, sold under the brand name Noroxin among others, is an antibiotic that belongs to the class of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. It is used to treat urinary tract infections, gynecological infections, inflammation of the prostate gland, gonorrhea and bladder infection.
Ofloxacin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. When taken by mouth or injection into a vein, these include pneumonia, cellulitis, urinary tract infections, prostatitis, plague, and certain types of infectious diarrhea.
Ornidazole is an antibiotic used to treat protozoaninfections. A synthetic nitroimidazole, it is commercially obtained from anacid-catalyzed reaction between 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole and epichlorohydrin.
Oxytetracycline was the second of the broad-spectrum tetracycline group of antibiotics to be discovered. Oxytetracycline works by interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins. Without these proteins, the bacteria cannot grow, multiply and increase in numbers.
Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a medication used to treat pain and fever. It is typically used for mild to moderate pain relief. Evidence is mixed for its use to relieve fever in children. It is often sold in combination with other medications, such as in many cold medications.
Pemetrexed, sold under the brand name Alimta among others, is a chemotherapy medication for the treatment of pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer.
Plerixafor is an immunostimulant used to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells in cancer patients into the bloodstream. The stem cells are then extracted from the blood and transplanted back to the patient. The drug was developed by AnorMED, which was subsequently bought by Genzyme.
Propylene glycol, according to the US National Library of Medicine and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, is asynthetic liquid substance that absorbs water. It is labeled an organic compound in chemistry due to its carbon attributes.
Sodium ascorbate is one of a number of mineral salts of ascorbic acid. The molecular formula of this chemical compound is C₆H₇NaO₆. As the sodium salt of ascorbic acid, it is known as a mineral ascorbate. It has not been demonstrated to be more bioavailable than any other form of vitamin C supplement.
Sorafenib, is a kinase inhibitor drug approved for the treatment of primary kidney cancer, advanced primary liver cancer, FLT3-ITD positive AML and radioactive iodine resistant advanced thyroid carcinoma.
Sulfadiazine is an antibiotic. Used together with pyrimethamine, it is the treatment of choice for toxoplasmosis. It is a second-line treatment for otitis media, prevention of rheumatic fever, chancroid, chlamydia, and infections by Haemophilus influenzae. It is taken by mouth.
Sulfadimidine or sulfamethazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial. There are non-standardized abbreviations for it as “sulfadimidine” and as “sulfamethazine”. Other names include sulfadimerazine, sulfadimezine, and sulphadimethylpyrimidine.
Sulfaquinoxaline is a veterinary medicine which can be given to cattle and sheep to treat coccidiosis. It is available in Pakistan with Sanna Laboratories in combination with Amprolium and Vitamin K as potential treatment of coccidiosis.
Telmisartan, sold under the trade name Micardis among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth.
Tetracycline, sold under the brand name Sumycin amongothers, is an antibiotic used to treat a number of infections. This includesacne, cholera, brucellosis, plague, malaria, and syphilis. It is taken bymouth. Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and loss ofappetite.
Thiamine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of thiamine, a vitamin essential for aerobic metabolism, cell growth, transmission of nerve impulses and acetylcholine synthesis.
Tylosin is an antibiotic and a bacteriostatic feed additive used in veterinary medicine. It is a macrolide antibiotic. Tylosin is used inveterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections in a wide range of species and has a high margin of safety.
Tylosin is an antibiotic and a bacteriostatic feed additive used in veterinary medicine. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive organisms and a limited range of Gram-negative organisms. It is found naturally as a fermentation product of Streptomyces fradiae. It is amacrolide antibiotic.
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B₂, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. It is required by the body for cellular respiration. Food sources include eggs, green vegetables, milk and other dairy product, meat, mushrooms, and almonds. Some countries require its addition to grains.
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate, is a vitamin found in various foods and sold as a dietary supplement. It is used to prevent and treat scurvy. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters.
Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic peptides produced by organisms of the licheniform is group of Bacillus subtilis var Tracy, firstisolated in 1945. These peptides disrupt Gram-positive bacteria by interfering with cell wall and peptidoglycan synthesis. Bacitracin is primarily used as atopical preparation.
Zoledronic acid, also known as zoledronate, is a medication used to treat a number of bone diseases. These include osteoporosis, high blood calcium due to cancer, bone breakdown due to cancer, and Paget’s disease of bone. It is given by injection into a vein.
Aceclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug analogof diclofenac. It is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in rheumatoidarthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. It was patented in 1983and approved for medical use in 1992.
Albendazole, also known as albendazolum, is a medication used for the treatment of a variety of parasitic worm infestations. It is useful for giardiasis, trichuriasis, filariasis, neurocysticercosis, hydatid disease, pinworm disease, and ascariasis, among other diseases It is taken by mouth.
Amikacin is an antibiotic used for a number of bacterialinfections. This includes joint infections, intra-abdominal infections,meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infections. It is also used forthe treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Aminophylline is a compound of the bronchodilatortheophylline with ethylenediamine in 2:1 ratio. The ethylenediamine improves solubility, and the aminophylline is usually found as a dihydrate. Aminophylline is less potent and shorter-acting than theophylline.
Amoxicillin is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. These include middle ear infection, strepthroat, pneumonia, skin infections, and urinary tract infections among others. It is taken by mouth, or less commonly by injection. Common adverse effects include nausea and rash.
Aprepitant, sold under the brand name Emend among others, is a medication used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. It may be used together with ondansetron and dexamethasone. It is taken by mouth.
Axitinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed by Pfizer. It has been shown to significantly inhibit growth of breast cancer in animal models and has shown partial responses in clinical trials with renal cell carcinoma and several other tumour types.
Azithromycin is an antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. This includes middle ear infections, strepthroat, pneumonia, traveler’s diarrhea, and certain other intestinal infections.
Bendamustine is used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Bendamustine is also used to treat indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma after other medicines have been tried without successful treatment of this condition.
Bortezomib, sold under the brand name Velcade among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. This includes multiple myeloma in those who have and have not previously received treatment. It is generally used together with other medications. It is given by injection.
Calcitriol is the active form of vitamin D, normally made inthe kidney. A manufactured form is used to treat kidney disease with low bloodcalcium, hyperparathyroidism due to kidney disease, low blood calcium due tohypoparathyroidism, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and familial hypophosphatemia.
Calcium ascorbate is a compound with the molecular formula CaC₁₂H₁₄O₁₂. It is the calcium salt of ascorbic acid, one of the mineral ascorbates. It is approximately 10% calcium by mass. As a food additive, it has the E number E 302. It is approved for use as a food in the EU, USA and Australia and New Zealand.
Calcium Pantothenate is the calcium salt of the water-soluble vitamin B5, ubiquitously found in plants and animal tissues with antioxidant property. Pentothenate is a component of coenzyme A (CoA) and a part of the vitamin B2 complex.
Cefixime, sold under the brand name Suprax among others, isan antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections. These infections include otitis media, strep throat, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and Lyme disease. For gonorrhea typically only one doseis required.
Cefoperazone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, marketed by Pfizer under the name Cefobid. It is one of few cephalosporin antibiotics effective in treating Pseudomonas bacterial infections which are otherwise resistant to these antibiotics. It was patented in 1974 and approved for medical use in 1981.
Chlortetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic, the firsttetracycline to be identified. It was discovered in 1945 at LederleLaboratories under the supervision of scientist Yellapragada Subbarow andBenjamin Minge Duggar.
Citicoline sodium Drug Entry Citicoline. Citicoline is a donor of choline in biosynthesis of choline-containing phosphoglycerides. It has been investigated for the treatment, supportive care, and diagnostic of Mania, Stroke, Hypomania, Cocaine Abuse, and Bipolar Disorder, among others.
Clindamycin is an antibiotic used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including bone or joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, strep throat, pneumonia, middle ear infections, and endocarditis. It can also be used to treat acne, and some cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Clotrimazole, sold under the brand name Lotrimin, amongothers, is an antifungal medication. It is used to treat vaginal yeastinfections, oral thrush, diaper rash, pityriasis versicolor, and types ofringworm including athlete’s foot and jock itch.
Cyanocobalamin is a manufactured form of vitamin B ₁₂ used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency. The deficiency may occur in pernicious anemia, following surgical removal of the stomach, with fish tapeworm, or due to bowel cancer. It is less preferred than hydroxocobalamin for treating vitamin B12 deficiency.
Panthenol is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid, and is thus a provitamin of B₅. In organisms it is quickly oxidized to pantothenic acid. It is a viscous transparent liquid at room temperature. Panthenol is used as a moisturizer and to improve wound healing in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.
Methionine is asulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituentat position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. DL-Methionine is anamino acid that has a role in the defence of oxidative stress.
Dasatinib, sold under the brand name Sprycel among others, is a targeted therapy used to treat certain cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Specifically it is used to treat cases that are Philadelphia chromosome-positive. It is taken by mouth.
Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic sold by the Bayer Corporation under the trade name Baytril. Enrofloxacin is currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of individual pets and domestic animals in the United States.
Fenbendazole is a broad spectrum benzimidazole anthelminticused against gastrointestinal parasites including: giardia, roundworms,hookworms, whipworms, the tapeworm genus Taenia, pinworms, aelurostrongylus.
Ascorbic acid is an organic compound with formula C ₆H ₈O ₆, originally called hexuronic acid. It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. It is a mild reducing agent. Ascorbic acid exists as two enantiomers, commonly denoted “l” and “d”.
Folate, also known as vitamin B₉ and folacin, is one of the B vitamins. Manufactured folic acid, which is converted into folate by the body, is used as a dietary supplement and in food fortification as it is more stable during processing and storage.
Fosaprepitant is an antiemetic drug, administered intravenously. It is a prodrug of aprepitant. Fosaprepitant was developed by Merck & Co. and was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration on January 25, 2008 and by the European Medicines Agency on January 11 of the same year.
Furazolidone is a nitrofuran antibacterial agent andmonoamine oxidase inhibitor. It is marketed by Roberts Laboratories under thebrand name Furoxone and by GlaxoSmithKline as Dependal-M.
Gentamicin, sold under brand name Garamycin among others, isan antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections. This mayinclude bone infections, endocarditis, pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis,pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis among others.
Ibrutinib, sold under the brand name Imbruvica among others, is a small molecule drug that binds permanently to a protein, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, that is important in B cells. It is used to treat B cell cancers like mantle cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.
Gleevec is the trade name for the generic drug name Imatinib Mesylate. STI-571 is another name for Imatinib Mesylate. In some cases, health care professionals may use the trade name Gleevec or other name STI-571 when referring to the generic drug name Imatinib Mesylate.
Ivermectin is a medication used to treat many types of parasite infestations. This includes head lice, scabies, river blindness, strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, ascariasis, and lymphatic filariasis. It can be taken by mouth or applied to the skin for external infestations. Use in the eyes should be avoided.
Lenalidomide, sold under the trade name Revlimid among others, is a medication used to treat multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndromes. For MM it is used after at least one other treatment and generally together with dexamethasone.
Lenvatinib is an anti-cancer drug for the treatment of certain kinds of thyroid cancer and for other cancers as well. It was developed by Eisai Co. and acts as a multiple kinase inhibitor against the VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 kinases.
Levamisole, sold under the brand name Ergamisol among others, is a medication used to treat parasitic worm infections. Specifically it is used for ascariasis and hookworm infections. It is taken by mouth. Side effects may include abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, and dizziness.
Levofloxacin, sold under the brand name Levaquin among others, is an antibiotic medication. It is used to treat a number of bacterial infections including acute bacterial sinusitis, pneumonia, H. pylori, urinary tract infections, chronic prostatitis, and some types of gastroenteritis.
